Comparative Analysis of Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle Powertrain with Battery Electric, Hybrid, and Gasoline Vehicles

DOI: https://doie.org/10.10399/JBSE.2025748774

Siddhesh Pimpale

Keywords:

Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, battery electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, internal combustion engine vehicles, carbon emissions, energy efficiency, life cycle cost analysis, hydrogen production, vehicle powertrain comparison, sustainable tran

Abstract:

This study compares the life cycle costs and performance characteristics of various automotive powertrain technologies, including Battery Electric Vehicles, Hybrid Electric Vehicles, Fuel Cell Vehicles, and Internal Combustion Engine vehicles. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles offer a promising pathway to significantly reduce carbon emissions in the transportation sector. These vehicles utilize hydrogen gas to generate electricity, emitting only water vapor as a byproduct. Compared to gasoline-powered vehicles and Hybrid Vehicles, fuel cell vehicles offer improved environmental performance and contribute to a cleaner, more sustainable transportation future. While challenges remain in terms of infrastructure development and hydrogen production costs, continued advancements in fuel cell technology and supportive policies are paving the way for wider adoption. Hydrogen fuel cell technology has the potential to revolutionize the transportation industry by providing a clean and efficient alternative to traditional internal combustion engines. Unlike gasoline-powered vehicles, fuel cell vehicles produce no harmful tailpipe emissions, making them a more environmentally-friendly option. Moreover, the use of renewable hydrogen as a fuel source further enhances the sustainability of this technology. As research and development continue to drive down costs and improve performance, the widespread adoption of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles could play a crucial role in achieving global climate and emissions reduction goals.

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